CASE STUDY 1 -SCANDINAVIAN-

"Scandinavia consists of only three countries Denmark, Norway and Sweden. However Finland is usually included. Although they are geographically isolated in the North Atlantic, Iceland and the Farce Islands (which belong to Denmark) have been added, as they share with the other countries a similar culture and outlook, while Greenland is regarded as part of North America. All these countries are members of the Nordic Council (Norden), which is responsible for a high level of cooperation in policies affecting transport, tourism, education and the environment. The Scandinavian airlines SAS, which is jointly owned by the government of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, is one such example of international cooperation, and was the first to develop transpolar routes to North America and the Far East. Despite limited natural resources, a rigorous climate and a peripheral location in Northern Europe, the Scandinavia countries have achieved economic prosperity and stability with health and social"

MAP OF SCANDINAVIAN

HISTORY

• During a period of Christianization and state formation in the 10th-13th centuries, three consolidated kingdoms emerged in Scandinavia:
• Denmark, forged from the Lands of Denmark (including Jutland, Zealand and Scania (Skaneland) the Scandinavian Peninsula. The island Gotland in modern-day Sweden was initially also part of the Danish realm.)
• Sweden, forged from the Lands of Sweden on the Scandinavian Peninsula (excluding the provinces Bohuslan, Harjedalen, Jamtland and Idre & Sarna, Halland, Blekinge and Scania of modern-day Sweden)

FLAGS OF SCANDINAVIAN

FACTS OF SCANDINAVIAN

• Region in northern Europe that includes Denmark and two of the Scandinavian Peninsular countries.
• Widely spoken in English
• Finland, Iceland, the Faroe island is the group of the Scandinavian.
• Extend to the north of the Arctic circle, owing to the North Atlantic Current.
• Much the mountain have an alpine tundra climate.
• Legacies of ice age about 10 million ago.
• At the Northern of the Scandinavia are the home of the minority of sami peoples.
• Scandinavian united in the Kalmar Union in the 19 century and at that time a new political union was     proposed but it did not take place because Denmark denied key military support by Sweden in a conflict with Prussia.
• Nowadays, the Nation Cooperate mainly in the European Union and as known the   Nordic Council.
• Pliny the Elder’s begin his description of the route to scatinavia by referring to the mountain of Saevo, the Codanus Bay and the Cimbrian promontory.
• Neither Pliny's nor Ptolemy's lists of Scandinavian tribes include the Suiones mentioned by Tacitus. Some early Swedish scholars of the Swedish Hyperborean school  and of the 19th-century romantic nationalism period proceeded to synthesize the different versions by inserting references to the Suiones, arguing that they must have been referred to in the original texts and obscured over time by spelling mistakes or various alterations.

TERMINOLOGY USED IN SCANDINAVIAN

1. Known as the countries concerned as Norden, or the Nordic countries.
2. The name of Scandinavian is used as a convenient general term for the 3 kingdoms of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.
3.      According to the history,  it was adopted and introduce in the 18^th century through Pliny The Elder’s writings, and was used vaguely for Scandia and the southern region of the peninsular

   
   

   
   DEMOGRAPHICS        

Population: The Nordic region includes the countries of Norway, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, and Iceland. The total population for the region is more than 24 million.

Welfare: The Scandinavian welfare model is often used as a general term for the way in which Denmark, Sweden and Norway have chosen to organise and finance their social security systems, health services and education

STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN

COPENHAGEN HARBOR,DENMARK

Education: A short time ago schooling in Scandinavia typically started at the age of seven. Recently all the countries began offering "pedagogical activities" for the six-years-olds, on a voluntary basis. For the vocational part of secondary schooling, two new trends are visible. More importance is being placed on training at workplaces, also known as the apprenticeship system. Simultaneously, the time in vocational schooling is being reduced, and the organizational differentiation between different vocational branches is being delayed to the second year

Religion: The standard nordic religious structure combines a secular (non-religious) society with an anachronistic state-backed established church, for example the Lutheran church . Most people sign up for this church in order to obtain clergy  for weddings and funerals.

CLIMATE

• Due to the high latitude, summer nights are very short and in the northern most part there is even midnight sun in the summer.
• space, light and nature are key characteristics of the four northern countries, with the exception of Denmark.
• Despite the high latitude central parts, the Nordic countries have a mild climate, at least much warmer than would be expected at this latitude.
• Northern parts have subarctic climate, while southern parts and coastal areas enjoy a temperate climate.

Old Waterway, Ride Denmark

NATURAL RESOURCES

Scardinivia rich of timber and oil

SCANDINAVIA REGIONS

• Scandinavia is a region in northern Europe that includes Denmark and two of the Scandinavian Peninsula's countries, Norway and Sweden, Finland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands and Greenlandare often grouped with Scandinavia
• The term Nordic countries refers to Denmark, Norway and Sweden as well as Finland and Iceland, and associated territories
• The Danish, Faroese, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish languages are linguistically classified as North Germanic languages are also called Scandinavian languages.

GEOGRAPHY FACTS ABOUT SCANDINAVIAN

scandinavian-heritage park sweeden



mount tolpagorni kebnekaise,swedish

• Scandinavia’s climate is typified by severely cold, long winters and warn, sunny summers.
• The varied landscape include forested countryside dotted with lakes, indented coastlines with fjords and islands, and the volcanic features of Iceland.
• Social and economic condition have combines to make Scandinavia one of the major generating regions in the world for holiday tourism.
• Accommodation capacity is dominated by the self-catering sectors as serviced accommodation is in short supply.
• The majority of the international tourist arrive by cat by using the many ferry services, though international air links are comprehensive.
• Scandinavia’s tourism recourses are the uncrowded, unpolluted countryside, the spectacular scenery of the mountain and many coastal regions, the island and the holiday beaches.
• The Scandinavian culture and outdoor way of life on show in the capital and major cities and the region.
• Around 50% of the population take a holiday of 4 night or more away from home.
• Some allege that Iceland’s green credentials have been damaged by the decision in 2003 to resume commercial whaling.
• Sweden’s services accommodation stock has grown since 1997. In demand for hotel accommodation by the domestic tourist small.
• International air transport is served by Stockholm Arlanda, Gothenburg and Malmo Airport are operated by SAS and Braathens SAFE to some 20 destination.
• The inbound overnight visitors to Sweden is around 11 million, but day trip from other Scandinavian countries are substantial at around 130 million visits annually.
• Swedes only have at least 5 weeks annual holiday and the Swedes have almost 75% and likely more to take a 2^nd holiday than the European  average.
• There are some 600000 of the summer cottages and often owned by people who have migrated to the cities but wish to retain a link with their rural homeland.